Graphene Field Effect Transistor



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Field Effect Transistors (FETs): Graphenes (graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) and graphene nanomeshes (GNMs)) are commonly used to make FETs. GNR have shown properties similar to that of semiconductor due to the bandgap opening in the graphene but practical devices require high driving current and to improve the viability of this in applications, a. Graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs) take the typical FET device and insert a graphene channel tens of microns in size between the source and drain. Being graphene, a lattice of carbon atoms that is only one atom thick, the channels in GFETs have. Concept is implemented by configuring graphene as a field effect transistor (FET) on a radiation-absorbing undoped semiconductor substrate and applying a gate voltage across the sensor to drift charge carriers created by incident photons to the neighborhood of graphene, which gives rise to local electric field perturbations that change graphene. Graphene is an ideal material for high-performance photodetectors because of its superior electronic and optical properties. However, graphene’s weak optical absorption limits the photoresponsivity of conventional photodetectors based on planar (two-dimensional or 2D) back-gated graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs).

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Abstract: The past decade has seen rapid growth in the research area of graphene andits application to novel electronics. With Moore's law beginning to plateau,the need for post-silicon technology in industry is becoming more apparent.Moreover, existing technology is insufficient for implementing terahertzdetectors and receivers, which are required for a number of applicationsincluding medical imaging and security scanning. Graphene is considered to be akey potential candidate for replacing silicon in existing CMOS technology aswell as realizing field effect transistors for terahertz detection, due to itsremarkable electronic properties, with observed electronic mobilities reachingup to $2 times 10^5$ cm$^2$ V$^{-1}$ s$^{-1}$ in suspended graphene samples.This report reviews the physics and electronic properties of graphene in thecontext of graphene transistor implementations. Common techniques used tosynthesize graphene, such as mechanical exfoliation, chemical vapor deposition,and epitaxial growth are reviewed and compared. One of the challengesassociated with realizing graphene transistors is that graphene issemimetallic, with a zero bandgap, which is troublesome in the context ofdigital electronics applications. Thus, the report also reviews different waysof opening a bandgap in graphene by using bilayer graphene and graphenenanoribbons. The basic operation of a conventional field effect transistor isexplained and key figures of merit used in the literature are extracted.Finally, a review of some examples of state-of-the-art graphene field effecttransistors is presented, with particular focus on monolayer graphene, bilayergraphene, and graphene nanoribbons.

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From: Mohamed Warda [view email]
[v1]Mon, 19 Oct 2020 13:59:47 UTC (6,280 KB)
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